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De Andrade Fernandes A.,Federal University of Vicosa | De Andrade Fernandes A.,Federal Institute for Education | Dos Santos Amorim P.R.,Federal University of Vicosa | Brito C.J.,Federal University of Sergipe | And 5 more authors.
Physiological Measurement | Year: 2014

Measuring skin temperature (TSK) provides important information about the complex thermal control system and could be interesting when carrying out studies about thermoregulation. The most common method to record TSK involves thermocouples at specific locations; however, the use of infrared thermal imaging (IRT) has increased. The two methods use different physical processes to measure TSK, and each has advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the mean skin temperature (MTSK) measurements using thermocouples and IRT in three different situations: pre-exercise, exercise and post-exercise. Analysis of the residual scores in Bland-Altman plots showed poor agreement between the MTSK obtained using thermocouples and those using IRT. The averaged error was -0.75 °C during pre-exercise, 1.22°C during exercise and -1.16°C during post-exercise, and the reliability between the methods was low in the pre- (ICC = 0.75 [0.12 to 0.93]), during (ICC = 0.49 [-0.80 to 0.85]) and post-exercise (ICC = 0.35 [-1.22 to 0.81] conditions. Thus, there is poor correlation between the values of MTSK measured by thermocouples and IRT pre-exercise, exercise and post-exercise, and low reliability between the two forms of measurement. © 2014 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine. Source

Neves F.A.S.,Federal University of Pernambuco | De Souza H.E.P.,Federal Institute for Education | Cavalcanti M.C.,Federal University of Pernambuco | Bradaschia F.,Federal University of Pernambuco | Bueno E.J.,University of Alcala
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics | Year: 2012

In this paper, two methods for determining the fundamental frequency and harmonic positive- and negative-sequence components of three-phase signals are investigated. Many aspects of the space-vector discrete Fourier transform and generalized delayed signal cancellation (GDSC) such as response time for different possible implementations, frequency adaptation schemes, stability of recursive implementation, and rounding error effects are discussed. A new design procedure for GDSC transformations is presented. New indices for characterizing three-phase unbalanced and distorted signals are proposed. Simulations and experiments are included in order to verify the performances and illustrate the theoretical conclusions. © 2012 IEEE. Source

Zanotta D.C.,Federal Institute for Education | Bruzzone L.,University of Trento | Bovolo F.,Fondazione Bruno Kessler | Shimabukuro Y.E.,National Institute for Space Research
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing | Year: 2015

In this paper, we present a novel domain adaptation technique aimed at providing reliable change detection maps for a series of image pairs acquired on the same area at different times. The proposed technique exploits the polar change vector analysis method and assumes that the reference data for characterizing a specific change of interest are available only for a pair of images (source domain). Then, it exploits the knowledge learned from the source domain and adapts it to other pairs of images belonging to the time series (target domains) to be analyzed. The proposed technique is able to handle possible radiometric differences among images adapting in an unsupervised way the decision rule estimated on the source domain to the target domains through variables estimated directly on the target images. The proposed approach has been applied to two data sets made up of time series of Landsat Thematic Mapper images. In one case, the change of interest is related to evolution of deforestation, while in the other case, it is related to burned area detection. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed technique. © 1980-2012 IEEE. Source

Franco F.S.C.,Federal Institute for Education | Costa N.M.B.,Federal University of Vicosa | Ferreira S.A.,Federal University of Vicosa | Carneiro-Junior M.A.,Federal University of Vicosa | Natali A.J.,Federal University of Vicosa
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition | Year: 2011

Background: The influences of creatine and caffeine supplementation associated with power exercise on lean body mass (LBM) composition are not clear. The purpose of this research was to determine whether supplementation with high doses of creatine and caffeine, either solely or combined, affects the LBM composition of rats submitted to vertical jumping training.Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: Sedentary (S) or Exercised (E) [placebo (Pl), creatine (Cr), caffeine (Caf) or creatine plus caffeine (CrCaf)]. The supplemented groups received creatine [load: 0.430 g/kg of body weight (BW) for 7 days; and maintenance: 0.143 g/kg of BW for 35 days], caffeine (15 mg/kg of BW for 42 days) or creatine plus caffeine. The exercised groups underwent a vertical jump training regime (load: 20 - 50% of BW, 4 sets of 10 jumps interspersed with 1 min resting intervals), 5 days/wk, for 6 weeks. LBM composition was evaluated by portions of water, protein and fat in the rat carcass. Data were submitted to ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test and Student's t test.Results: Exercised animals presented a lower carcass weight (10.9%; P = 0.01), as compared to sedentary animals. However, no effect of supplementation was observed on carcass weight (P ≥ 0.05). There were no significant differences among the groups (P ≥ 0.05) for percentage of water in the carcass. The percentage of fat in the group SCr was higher than in the groups SCaf and ECr (P < 0.05). A higher percentage of protein was observed in the groups EPl and ECaf when compared to the groups SPl and SCaf (P < 0.001). The percentage of fat in the carcass decreased (P < 0.001), while those of water and protein increased (P < 0.05) in exercised animals, compared to sedentary animals. Caffeine groups presented reduced percentage of fat when compared to creatine supplemented groups (P < 0.05).Conclusions: High combined doses of creatine and caffeine does not affect the LBM composition of either sedentary or exercised rats, however, caffeine supplementation alone reduces the percentage of fat. Vertical jumping training increases the percentages of water and protein and reduces the fat percentage in rats. © 2011 Franco et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. Source

Neves F.A.S.,Federal University of Pernambuco | De Souza H.E.P.,Federal University of Pernambuco | De Souza H.E.P.,Federal Institute for Education | Bradaschia F.,Federal University of Pernambuco | And 3 more authors.
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics | Year: 2010

In this paper, a space-vector discrete-time Fourier transform is proposed for fast and precise detection of the fundamental-frequency and harmonic positive- and negative-sequence vector components of three-phase input signals. The discrete Fourier transform is applied to the three-phase signals represented by Clarke's $\alpha\beta$ vector. It is shown that the complex numbers output from the Fourier transform are the instantaneous values of the positive- and negative-sequence harmonic component vectors of the input three-phase signals. The method allows the computation of any desired positive- or negative-sequence fundamental-frequency or harmonic vector component of the input signal. A recursive algorithm for low-effort online implementation is also presented. The detection performance for variable-frequency and interharmonic input signals is discussed. The proposed and other usual method performances are compared through simulations and experiments. © 2006 IEEE. Source

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